Ringkasan Tentang How Art Made the World the Day Pictures Were Born
| How Art Made the World | |
|---|---|
| Genre | Documentary |
| Presented by | Nigel Spivey |
| Country of origin | Great britain |
| Original language | English |
| No. of series | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 5 |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Kim Thomas |
| Producer | Marking Hedgecoe |
| Running time | 60 minutes |
| Benefactor | BBC |
| Release | |
| Original network | BBC One |
| Original release | 26 June (2005-06-26) – 24 July 2005 (2005-07-24) |
How Art Made the World is a 2005 5-part BBC One documentary series, with each episode looking at the influence of art on the current twenty-four hours situation of our society.[1] [ii]
"The essential premise of the show," according to Nigel Spivey, "is that of all the defining characteristics of humanity every bit a species, none is more bones than the inclination to make art. Bully apes volition smear paint on sheet if they are given brushes and shown how, only they do non instinctively produce art whatever more than than parrots produce chat. We humans are solitary in developing the capacity for symbolic imagery."[iii]
Episodes [edit]
Images dominate our lives. They tell u.s. how to behave, fifty-fifty how to feel. They mould and ascertain us. Merely why do these images, the pictures, symbols and the art we see around the states every day, have such a powerful hold on us? The answer lies not here in our time just thousands of years ago. Because when our aboriginal ancestors start created the images that fabricated sense of their world, they produced a visual legacy which has helped to shape our own.
In this series we'll be travelling effectually the globe, discovering the world'south almost stunning treasures. We'll see how the struggles of early on artists led to the triumphs of the world'south dandy civilisations. Our journeying will have us through a hundred chiliad years of history. We'll be witnessing some of the boggling ceremonies of the world's oldest artistic cultures. And we'll reveal how they unlock the deepest secrets of ancient art, Nosotros'll exist hearing from the people who made these discoveries. And we'll be using scientific discipline to uncover how thousands of years ago the human mind drove usa to create astonishing images, You'll never look at our earth the same way again, for this is the epic story of how we humans made fine art and how fine art fabricated united states of america human.
—Nigel Spivey's opening narration
Episode one: More Human Than Homo... [edit]
The first episode asks why humans surround themselves with images of the body that are so unrealistic.[4] [v]
The fact is people rarely create images of the body that are realistic. What'southward going on? Why is our globe then dominated past images of the body that are so unrealistic?
—Nigel Spivey'southward opening narration
Dr. Spive begins his investigation by travelling to Willendorf, where in 1908 three Austrian archaeologists discovered the Venus of Willendorf, an xi cm (4.iii in) loftier statuette of a female figure, estimated to have been made between 24,000 and 22,000 BCE. Spivey travels to the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna to examine the Venus's grotesquely exaggerated breasts and abdomen, as well as its lack of arms and face, which shows the desire to exaggerate dates back to the very beginning images of the man body created past our ancestors. Spivey speculates that, The people who fabricated this statue lived in a harsh ice-age environment where features of fatness and fertility would have been highly desirable, and several like statuettes collectively referred to as Venus figurines show that this exaggerated body image continued for millennia.[6]
Neuroscientist Vilayanur S. Ramachandran speculates that the reason for this lies in a neurological principle known every bit the supernormal stimulus, which Spivey demonstrates by replicating Nikolaas Tinbergen's experiment with Herring gull chicks. When the chicks are shown a yellow stick with a unmarried blood-red line fabricated to represent their mother's beak, they tap on information technology as they are programmed to practice to demand food. However, when they are presented with a stick with three ruby-red lines they tap on information technology with increased enthusiasm even in comparison to the original beak. Ramachandran concludes, "I recollect there's an analogy here in that what's going on in the brains of our ancestors, the artists who were creating these Venus figurines were producing grossly exaggerated versions, the equivalent for their brain of what the stick with the three ruby stripes is for the chick's brain."[7]
Spivey next travels to Egypt to detect if the gross exaggerations of hard-wired herring gull instincts of the nomadic artisans survived into the era of civilization. The Egyptian images of the human body, which he discovers at the Tomb of Pharaoh Rameses Vi and the Karnak Temple Circuitous, were regular and repeated, and nothing nigh them was exaggerated. Mapped onto the wall at the unfinished Tomb of Amenhotep III'south vizier Ramose he discovers the grid which dictated the precise proportions and composition of these images for three thousand years. The Egyptians created images of the body this mode, Spivy concludes, not considering of how their brains were hard-wired but because of their civilisation. [viii]
Spivey finally travels to Italy, where Stefano Mariottini relates his extraordinary discovery off the coast of Riace, well-nigh Reggio Calabria. As revealed in an antique copy of Herodotus in St John's College Old Library, Greek sculptors learned the Egyptians' techniques and initially created truly realistic depictions of the human body, like Kritian Boy at the Acropolis Museum in Athens, Greece. Yet, according to Ramachandran, the problem with the Kritian Male child is it was besides realistic, that makes it boring, and the mode was soon abandoned. Spivey states that, the Greeks discovered they had to do interesting things with the human grade, such equally distorting it in lawful means, and examines the pioneering work of a sculptor and mathematician called Polyclitus, every bit exemplified in the Riace bronzes at the Museo Nazionale della Magna Grecia. Spivey concludes that the first civilisation capable of realism had used exaggeration to become further, and information technology'due south that instinct which still dominates our world today. [9]
This is the answer to our mystery. This is why the bodies in our modernistic world await the manner they practice. The reality is we humans don't like reality. The shared biological instinct to prefer advisedly exaggerated images links united states of america inexorably with our ancient ancestors, and yet what we choose to exaggerate is where science gets left behind. That's where the magic comes in.
—Nigel Spivey's endmost narration
Episode two: The Mean solar day Pictures Were Born [edit]
The 2nd episode asks how the very get-go pictures ever made were created and reveals how images may take triggered the greatest change in human history.[4] [10]
I could draw almost anything in the world and you'd probably guess what it was, But there must have been some betoken in our human story when nosotros showtime got this ability, some moment in time when nosotros began to create pictures and to understand what they meant. So what happened back and so? How did we first get this ability to create images? To find the respond, we need to go way back in time.
—Nigel Spivey's opening narration
Dr. Spivey begins his investigation by travelling to the Cave of Altamira well-nigh the town of Santillana del Mar in Cantabria, Spain, where in 1879 a young girl'southward exclamation of Papa. Look, oxen. to her begetter, local apprentice archaeologist Marcelino Sanz de Sautuola, is explained to have meant that Maria had just become the first modern homo to set eyes on the first gallery of prehistoric paintings ever to be discovered. The find revealed that, Well-nigh 35,000 years ago, we began to create pictures and to understand what they meant. French priest Henri Breuil believed that, prehistoric artists painted animals to increase their chances of a successful hunt, only the animals painted here and at other sites such every bit the Pech Merle in France, also visited past Spivey, did not match the basic discovered and abstract patterns revealed the artists weren't merely copying from existent life.
Spivey next travels to the Drakensberg Mountains of S Africa, where rock painting made 200 years agone by the San people and similarly dismissed as hunting scenes, are revealed by anthropologist David Lewis-Williams to contain many of the aforementioned unusual features. 19th century interviews with the San by German linguist Wilhelm Bleek reveal the importance of trance within their civilisation, an observation confirmed by Spivey after watching a shamanistic ritual performed by their nowadays-mean solar day descendants in a village near Tsumkwe, Namibia far from the mountains. Lewis-Williams theorises that, the paintings were not only pictures of everyday life, merely they were about spiritual experiences in a trance state.
Media information [edit]
DVD release [edit]
Released on Region 2 DVD past BBC DVD on 30 May 2005.[11]
Companion volume [edit]
The 2005 companion book to the series was written by presenter Nigel Spivey.[12]
Selected editions [edit]
- Spivey, Nigel (28 Apr 2005). How Art Made the Globe: A Journey to the Origins of Art. BBC Books (hardcover). ISBN978-0563522058.
- Spivey, Nigel (8 November 2005). How Art Made the World: A Journeying to the Origins of Art. Basic Books (hardcover). ISBN978-0465081813.
- Spivey, Nigel (7 Nov 2006). How Fine art Made the World: A Journey to the Origins of Art. Basic Books (paperback). ISBN978-0465081820.
References [edit]
- ^ "How Art Made the World". BBC Science & Nature. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "How Fine art Fabricated The World – part of a rich summertime of arts on BBC Goggle box". BBC Press Function. 31 March 2005. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "How Art Made the World: About the Series". PBS. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ a b "How Fine art Made the Earth: Programmes". BBC Scientific discipline & Nature. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "How Art Made the Globe: More Homo Than Human being". PBS. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "The Venus of Willendorf: Exaggerated Dazzler". PBS. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "V.S. Ramachandran: The Herring Dupe Test". PBS. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "Arab republic of egypt: Obsessive Order". PBS. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "Ancient Greece: Naked Perfection". PBS. Retrieved 12 June 2012.
- ^ "How Art Made the World: The Day Pictures Were Born". PBS. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
- ^ "How Art Fabricated the World". BBC Shop. Retrieved sixteen June 2012.
- ^ "How Art Made the Globe: A Journey to the Origins of Art". BBC Shop. Retrieved 16 June 2012.
External links [edit]
- How Art Made the World at BBC Online
- How Art Made the World at IMDb
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/How_Art_Made_the_World
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